Interesting.
This is 50-50 for me
If Tanegashima is hit even once by Duke's one hit shots. He is over. He have a weak and thin body.
See, Tanegashima's thin, but his Power stat reads:
Power - 5: The secret of his superior muscles lies in the bones. It seems the collagen he gets from consuming pigs feet bestows favorable results to strengthening his bones.
So we at least know he won't do a Kaji immedately.
His stamina seems relatively the same as Tokugawa, who endured a hit.
However, Tanegashima is invisible.
It will depend if Duke have enough sense of presence of invisibility. (You know, like when you close your eyes and feel where the invisble man is).
However, a Player like Ohmagari (a tier below them) kinda was able to counter Tane's invisibilities and void. So, maybe Duke can invent his own ways too. Like if he will desroy the whole other side of tennis court using his power. Lmao.
While invisible, Tanegashima had the edge on Bismarck, who is both an iron wall defender and a player capable of spotting his opponent's weaknesses with his high perception. I'm not sure Duke can match Bismarck in either of those 2 qualities. Byoudouin did drop a line saying Duke isn't just a bulldozer and his main playstyle is much softer, but everything we've seen since is the opposite except
maybe for the Duke Buster bait.
Ohmagari had techniques
specially designed to counter Tanegashima, though, and he had seemingly kept them hidden until the final point (probably to avoid Tanegashima going around them, somehow). Even then he didn't have anything ready for the Ultimate Void.
Duke's Kijin is a problem too.
You can use indirect comparison too.
Duke is scaled to Camus. Tanegashima is scaled to Bismarck.
So, if you think Camus > Bismarck. Then Duke > Tanegashima.
On the other hand
If you think Bismarck > Camus. Then Tanegashima > Duke.
Tanegashima is now better than Bismarck so the comparison doesn't really track.
Some speculation here: I think Tanegashima was as strong as Ki Jin Oni before his final upgrade (the "we tied every time" line), so facing a Ki Jin wouldn't be anything new for him (particularly, one likely focused on Power) and he got a huge upgrade ever since.
For stats, I currently have Tane at 31 (a 10 in Mental) and Duke at 30 (10 in Power) and no other development for either.